Explore the AI timeline

Google announces Gemini 4 Argon, starting with vetted cyber defenders

Google DeepMind

Six AI leaders sign Trump's voluntary White House Accord on Super Intelligence

White House · Google · Anthropic · Meta · OpenAI · xAI · SpaceX · NVIDIA

Trump orders federal agencies to call AI "Super Intelligence"

White House

Sign in with ChatGPT lets Plus and Pro plans pay for AI in other apps

OpenAI

OpenAI begins rolling out dots, its cloud-computer agents

OpenAI

OpenAI previews the Decisions API, a GPT-6 Luna endpoint for fixed choices

OpenAI

Meta adds small business tools to Muse

Meta

OpenAI releases GPT-6.1 Sol for Work, Codex and the API

OpenAI

OpenAI launches ChatGPT Space, a shared workspace for teams and agents

OpenAI

OpenAI scraps the release of GPT-6.1 Astra over alignment test results

OpenAI

ElevenLabs releases Eleven v4 and v4 Turbo speech models

ElevenLabs

Anthropic releases Claude Sonnet 5.5

Anthropic

The US and China set up an AI dialogue and incident channel, but no safety deal

White House

OpenAI pauses tool use on its top models after an agent escapes through DNS

OpenAI

Microsoft unveils a new Copilot app with Home, Code and an Autopilot agent

Microsoft

Google starts testing Call for Me, Gemini phone calls to businesses on Pixel 11

Google

Google releases Gemini 3.8 Live with Live Avatar

Google

Fireworks releases Ember-1 as a research preview

Fireworks AI

Anthropic reports Claude found an enzyme system with CRISPR-like repeats

Anthropic

Xiaomi open-sources MiMo-V2.6, a trillion-parameter omnimodal model, under MIT

Xiaomi

Tesla puts Grok Bot in its cars

Tesla · xAI

OpenAI releases GPT-6 Sol and GPT-6 Luna at half the price

OpenAI

Anthropic releases Claude Opus 5.5

Anthropic

xAI releases Grok 4.7

xAI · SpaceX

Qwen-Image-2.1 ships open weights under a research-only license

Alibaba

An Anthropic engineer factors RSA-896 with Claude's help

Anthropic

Virginia ends state fast-tracking for big data centers and forms an AI task force

Commonwealth of Virginia

Newsom orders California to study requiring an AI kill switch

State of California

Consumers sue Anthropic, OpenAI, SpaceXAI and Google over the AI pacing pledge

Anthropic · OpenAI · SpaceX · xAI · Google

Anthropic confirms it runs its own biology wet lab

Anthropic

OpenAI introduces Astra for Law, a GPT-6 Astra configuration for law firms

OpenAI

Anthropic says Claude now leads a quarter of its own AI research work

Anthropic

Anthropic opens a verification program for looser biology safeguards

Anthropic

OpenAI sets up a standing process for disclosing misalignment

OpenAI

Cohere signs a definitive agreement to combine with Aleph Alpha

Cohere · Aleph Alpha

Anthropic merges Claude chat and Cowork into one Claude

Anthropic

TypeSafe opens early access to Jev, a model for typed decisions

TypeSafe AI

Salesforce puts its Koa CRM reasoning model into pilot

Salesforce · NVIDIA

Google releases Gemini 3.8 Live and 3.8 Live Extended Thinking

Google

Microsoft AI publishes a draft Humanist AI Code of Conduct for its models

Microsoft

Apple ships Siri AI in beta, on models built with Google's Gemini

Apple · Google

Z.ai raises about $5 billion in shares and bonds for next-generation GLM models

Zhipu AI

Dario Amodei calls on AI labs to pace the frontier

Anthropic · OpenAI

Sakana AI releases Fugu Max and Fugu Ultra v2, models that orchestrate other models

Sakana AI

Moonshot swaps Kimi K2.8 Preview in behind Kimi Code's kimi-for-coding model

Moonshot AI

OpenAI plans to retire custom GPTs and move them to plugins

OpenAI

OpenAI puts GPT-Live-1 in the API

OpenAI

DeepSeek releases V4.1 Flash with open weights

DeepSeek

Cursor launches Projects, a coordinator agent for long-running work

Anysphere

Cognition releases SWE-2, a coding model post-trained from Kimi K3

Cognition

OpenAI pauses new sign-ups for its $200 ChatGPT Pro plan

OpenAI

OpenAI launches ChatGPT for Financial Services, built with Morgan Stanley and Evercore

OpenAI

Census Bureau economists find AI-exposed graduates fared worse after ChatGPT

United States Census Bureau

Anthropic accuses seven Chinese labs of distilling Claude

Anthropic · Alibaba · Moonshot AI · DeepSeek · Xiaomi

Cognition says Devin agents built the GPU code that factored RSA-260

Cognition

Anthropic expands its account of cyber-evaluation incidents

Anthropic · METR

OpenAI says an unreleased model solved the Navier-Stokes problem

OpenAI

Mistral raises €3 billion at a €21 billion valuation

Mistral AI

Meta launches Muse, a personal AI agent

Meta

Cognition raises over $2 billion at a $48 billion valuation

Cognition

OpenAI launches ChatGPT Images 2.5

OpenAI

Google DeepMind releases AlphaGenome Atlas, mapping every human DNA variant

Google DeepMind

OpenAI's chief scientist says no lab has solved alignment

OpenAI

Independent researchers reveal OpenAI agents ran a hidden message board on a German wiki

OpenAI

Anthropic says Claude formalized Fermat's Last Theorem in Lean

Anthropic

NVIDIA agrees to acquire Hugging Face for $12.9 billion

NVIDIA · Hugging Face

OpenAI releases GPT-6 Astra, its first model rated Critical for cyber

OpenAI

Google launches Gemini 3.8 Flash and a cyber-defense variant

Google DeepMind

World Labs previews Atlas, a world model with camera control

World Labs

Anthropic releases Claude Fable 5.1 and Claude Mythos 5.1

Anthropic

Anthropic accounts for its own sandbox escapes

Anthropic · UK AI Security Institute

OpenClaw 2.0 rebuilds the harness around a shared workspace

OpenClaw

Z.ai publishes GLM-5.3's full weights

Zhipu AI

Sony Music and Warner Chappell sue Anthropic over pirated training data

Anthropic · Sony Music Publishing · Warner Chappell Music

OpenAI moves to cut off Cursor's model access after the SpaceX deal

OpenAI · Anysphere

More than a hundred companies sign a call for collective action on cyber defense

OpenAI · Anthropic · Google · Microsoft · Amazon · Cloudflare · Hugging Face · Oracle · Perplexity

A federal judge rules Anthropic's Pentagon blacklist unlawful

Anthropic · United States Department of War

Anthropic opens a research preview letting AI agents operate lab hardware

Anthropic

Salesforce and Anthropic launch Claudeforce

Salesforce · Anthropic

OpenAI publishes its postmortem on the Hugging Face breach

OpenAI · Hugging Face

Z.ai releases GLM-5.3-Flash, the GLM-5 series' first natively multimodal model

Zhipu AI

AWS commits to 2 million more Nvidia GPUs for 2027 and 2028

Amazon · NVIDIA

Anthropic commits $45 billion to a Nscale campus in West Virginia

Anthropic · Nscale

Perplexity ships a fully local agent on the DGX Spark

Perplexity · NVIDIA

OpenAI publishes first benchmarks for its Jalapeño inference chip

OpenAI · Broadcom

Claude's memory becomes shared across chat and Cowork, on by default

Anthropic

Amazon closes Mechanical Turk after 21 years

Amazon

XPeng Robotics raises over $900 million for its IRON humanoid robot

XPeng

Taiwan indicts NVIDIA and Supermicro staff over Blackwell servers sent to China

NVIDIA · Super Micro Computer

Alibaba launches Wan3.0, a video model that reads slide decks

Alibaba

Alibaba prices a $10 billion Hong Kong share sale entirely for AI

Alibaba

NVIDIA licenses Poolside's model factory for $6 billion

NVIDIA · Poolside

Apple Music makes AI-content tagging mandatory

Apple

Unitree lists in Shanghai, the first mainland IPO of a humanoid robot maker

Unitree

Stripe buys OpenRouter for more than $7 billion

Stripe · OpenRouter

Merck and Moderna's individualized cancer therapy succeeds in phase 3

Merck · Moderna

OpenAI pauses its largest frontier training run over cyber capabilities

OpenAI

Marvell gives Google a warrant worth $12.2 billion in a custom chip deal

Google · Marvell

Claude designs working protein binders for 14 of 15 lab targets

Anthropic

ChatGPT for Teens rolls out with age gating and parental controls

OpenAI

Nvidia backs a $105 billion Ohio data center built for OpenAI

NVIDIA · SB Energy · OpenAI

SpaceX closes the Cursor deal and forms SpaceXAI

SpaceX · Anysphere

Qwen 3.8 27B lands under Apache 2

Alibaba

GLM-5.3 takes its gains from post-training alone

Zhipu AI

IBM puts OpenAI models inside its consulting business

IBM · OpenAI

Gemini 3.7 Flash lands three weeks after 3.6

Google

DeepSeek announces peak-hour API price increases

DeepSeek

Alibaba publishes 2.4 trillion parameters

Alibaba

xAI releases Grok 4.6

xAI · SpaceX

xAI launches Grok Bot, agents that work from their own cloud computer

xAI · SpaceX

Gemma passes a billion downloads

Google DeepMind

The Gemini app passes a billion monthly users

Google

Claude starts watermarking everything it writes

Anthropic

ChatGPT ads expand to five more markets

OpenAI

Nvidia turns compute into an asset class

NVIDIA · Apollo · BlackRock · Blackstone · Brookfield · Goldman Sachs · KKR

Meta publishes weights again with Muse Glimmer

Meta

OpenAI ships an offensive security model behind a gate

OpenAI

Claude Code stops asking permission by default

Anthropic

AMD buys a company that etches models into silicon

AMD · Taalas

Meta ships a terminal coding agent

Meta

Hassabis moves to chair and Jeff Dean leaves Google

Google DeepMind · Google

The EU starts enforcing the AI Act's disclosure rules

European Commission

An unreleased OpenAI model produces ten advances in mathematics

OpenAI

OpenAI says its models reach a billion active users

OpenAI

DeepSeek ships V4-Flash-0731 after retraining its post-training pipeline

DeepSeek

OpenAI cuts Luna's price by 80 percent

OpenAI

Google DeepMind ships Gemini Robotics 2 for whole-body robot control

Google DeepMind

Anthropic discloses three cybersecurity-evaluation incidents

Anthropic · Irregular

Lab employees ask Washington for a brake they can pull later

OpenAI · Anthropic · Google DeepMind · Meta

Claude finds a new attack that halves a post-quantum signature scheme's strength

Anthropic

NVIDIA backs Ilya Sutskever's Safe Superintelligence with a compute deal

Safe Superintelligence · NVIDIA

Moonshot publishes Kimi K3's weights

Moonshot AI

Anthropic explains why it does not publish weights

Anthropic

Nvidia, Microsoft and Meta lead a coalition letter against restricting open weights

NVIDIA · Microsoft · Meta

Claude Opus 5 arrives with a million tokens of context

Anthropic

A model evaluation turns into a security incident

OpenAI · Hugging Face

Gemini 3.6 Flash arrives with a cyber variant for governments

Google

Claude-assisted work refutes the Jacobian conjecture in three dimensions

Anthropic

Thinking Machines finally ships something

Thinking Machines Lab

New York becomes the first state to halt new hyperscale data centers

State of New York

US clears the UAE for license-free AI chip exports

United States Department of Commerce

Apple sues OpenAI over departed employees

Apple · OpenAI

Meta starts selling access to a model it will not publish

Meta

GPT-5.6 reaches the public

OpenAI

Fidji Simo leaves OpenAI's full-time leadership team

OpenAI

OpenAI launches ChatGPT Work, an agent for multi-hour office tasks

OpenAI

xAI releases Grok 4.5

xAI · SpaceX

OpenAI ships GPT-Live, a full-duplex voice model for ChatGPT

OpenAI

Cognition releases SWE-1.7, its most capable coding model

Cognition

Illinois enacts the country's strictest state AI safety law

State of Illinois

Commerce clears Fable 5 and Anthropic switches it back on

Anthropic · United States Department of Commerce

Anthropic releases Claude Sonnet 5

Anthropic

Anthropic launches Claude Science, a workbench for researchers

Anthropic

Google limits Meta's access to its Gemini models

Google · Meta

Frontier access starts requiring a background check

OpenAI · Anthropic

An entire Herculaneum scroll is read for the first time in 2,000 years

Vesuvius Challenge

OpenAI unveils Jalapeño, its first chip, built with Broadcom

OpenAI · Broadcom

Anthropic accuses Alibaba of its largest distillation attack yet

Anthropic · Alibaba

Anthropic puts Claude in Slack as a shared teammate, not a chatbot

Anthropic

Nobel laureate John Jumper leaves Google DeepMind for Anthropic

Google DeepMind · Anthropic

SpaceX buys Cursor for $60 billion

SpaceX · Anysphere

GLM-5.2 takes the open-weights lead

Zhipu AI

SpaceX goes public in the largest IPO ever

SpaceX

Moonshot ships Kimi K2.7 Code, a trillion-parameter open coding model

Moonshot AI

The United States puts export controls on frontier models

Anthropic · OpenAI · United States Department of Commerce

Prometheus closes a $12 billion Series B

Prometheus

Anthropic ships Mythos 5 and a safer twin

Anthropic

OpenAI confidentially files for an IPO

OpenAI

Apple introduces Siri AI, a Siri rebuilt around personal context

Apple

Nvidia and SK hynix sign a multiyear deal on next-generation AI memory

NVIDIA · SK hynix

Gemma 4 drops the vision encoder

Google DeepMind

Qwen3.7-Plus adds vision to Alibaba's agent model, drops open weights

Alibaba

Microsoft previews Frontier Tuning for enterprise AI agents

Microsoft

The White House orders a voluntary framework for frontier-model cyber review

White House

Claude Opus 4.8

Anthropic

Anthropic raises $65 billion at $965 billion

Anthropic

Cognition raises $1 billion at $26 billion

Cognition

OpenRouter raises $113 million as routing becomes infrastructure

OpenRouter

Pope Leo XIV makes AI the subject of his first encyclical

Holy See

DeepSeek makes its 75 percent discount permanent

DeepSeek

An OpenAI model disproves an eighty-year-old conjecture

OpenAI

OpenAI offers every YC startup $2 million in tokens for equity

OpenAI · Y Combinator

OpenAI starts selling compute the way clouds sell it

OpenAI

Andrej Karpathy joins Anthropic

Anthropic

Gemini Spark runs on Google's machines, not yours

Google DeepMind

Gemini Omni generates video and calls it a world model

Google DeepMind

Gemini 3.5 leads with the small model

Google DeepMind

Musk loses his case against OpenAI

OpenAI · xAI

Composer 2.5 matches the frontier at a tenth the price

Anysphere

Cloudflare points Mythos at its own code

Cloudflare · Anthropic

Codex arrives in the ChatGPT mobile app

OpenAI

Cerebras goes public and doubles on day one

Cerebras

Anthropic ships Claude for Legal

Anthropic · Harvey

Thinking Machines builds a model that listens while it talks

Thinking Machines Lab

OpenAI starts a consulting firm

OpenAI

Claude agents get to dream

Anthropic

Anthropic rents Colossus 1, the cluster built to train Grok

Anthropic · SpaceX · xAI

Google, Microsoft and xAI hand models to the government before release

Center for AI Standards and Innovation · Google DeepMind · Microsoft · xAI

Anthropic and investors form an AI services company

Anthropic · Blackstone · Hellman & Friedman · Goldman Sachs

OpenAI explains the goblins

OpenAI

OpenAI's models reach AWS as Microsoft exclusivity ends

OpenAI · Microsoft · Amazon

GitHub Copilot moves to usage-based billing

GitHub · Microsoft

China orders Meta to unwind its purchase of Manus

Meta · Manus · National Development and Reform Commission

DeepSeek releases V4 preview with MIT-licensed open weights

DeepSeek

Cohere and Aleph Alpha plan to combine, with about $600 million from Schwarz Group

Cohere · Aleph Alpha

OpenAI releases GPT-5.5

OpenAI

SpaceX buys the right to buy Cursor

SpaceX · Anysphere

GPT Image 2 reasons before it draws

OpenAI

Tim Cook hands Apple to John Ternus

Apple

Trump invokes the Defense Production Act to expand U.S. grid-equipment production

White House · United States Department of Energy

Amazon adds $25 billion to its Anthropic position

Amazon · Anthropic

Claude Design turns prompts into decks and prototypes

Anthropic

Claude Opus 4.7 ships, second to a model nobody can buy

Anthropic

Two attacks on Sam Altman's home in three days

OpenAI

Meta returns to the frontier with Muse Spark

Meta

Anthropic starts running other people's agents

Anthropic

Anthropic loses its bid to pause the Pentagon blacklist

Anthropic · United States Department of War

Anthropic builds a model it will not sell

Anthropic

GLM-5.1 puts a downloadable model on top of SWE-Bench Pro

Zhipu AI

Anthropic expands its Google and Broadcom TPU deal

Anthropic · Google · Broadcom

Cursor 3 turns the editor into an agent runtime

Anysphere

OpenAI closes a $122 billion round

OpenAI

Anthropic publishes Claude Code's source by mistake

Anthropic

SAM 3.1 tracks sixteen things at once

Meta

Google releases Gemini 3.1 Flash Live

Google

A misconfigured cache reveals Claude Mythos

Anthropic

ARC Prize launches ARC-AGI-3

ARC Prize

OpenAI says it will shut down Sora

OpenAI

Claude gets computer use and a phone remote

Anthropic

OpenAI acquires Astral, the maker of uv and Ruff

OpenAI · Astral

Cursor ships Composer 2

Anysphere

NVIDIA launches the Vera Rubin platform

NVIDIA

Replit raises $400 million at $9 billion and ships Agent 4

Replit

Google closes the $32 billion Wiz acquisition

Google · Wiz

China moves to curb OpenClaw at banks and state agencies

OpenClaw

NVIDIA commits a gigawatt of Vera Rubin to Thinking Machines Lab

NVIDIA · Thinking Machines Lab

OpenAI acquires Promptfoo

OpenAI · Promptfoo

Microsoft ships Copilot Cowork and puts Claude in mainline Copilot

Microsoft · Anthropic

Anthropic sues the Pentagon over the supply chain risk label

Anthropic · United States Department of War

A judge blocks Perplexity's shopping agent from Amazon

Amazon · Perplexity

The Pentagon designates Anthropic a supply chain risk

Anthropic · United States Department of War

OpenAI releases GPT-5.4

OpenAI

OpenAI signs with the Department of War

OpenAI · United States Department of War

The administration moves to bar Anthropic from federal work

Anthropic · United States Department of War

Google releases Nano Banana 2

Google

Block cuts 40 percent of its staff and says AI is the reason

Block

Amodei refuses the Department of War's terms

Anthropic · United States Department of War

Anthropic rewrites its Responsible Scaling Policy

Anthropic

Hollywood sends its first cease-and-desist to an AI company

Motion Picture Association · ByteDance

ggml.ai joins Hugging Face

Hugging Face · ggml.ai

Google releases Gemini 3.1 Pro

Google

Claude Sonnet 4.6

Anthropic

OpenClaw's creator joins OpenAI

OpenClaw · OpenAI

GPT-5.2 helps derive a new result in theoretical physics

OpenAI

Google updates Gemini 3 Deep Think for science and engineering

Google DeepMind

Anthropic raises $30 billion at $380 billion

Anthropic

Z.ai releases the open-weight GLM-5

Zhipu AI

OpenAI starts testing ads in ChatGPT

OpenAI

Waymo builds a world model to drive in

Waymo

OpenAI launches Frontier

OpenAI

GPT-5.3-Codex ships the same day as Claude Opus 4.6

OpenAI

Claude Opus 4.6 adds a million-token beta and adaptive reasoning

Anthropic

SpaceX acquires xAI

SpaceX · xAI

METR revises its time-horizon measurements

METR

Anthropic measures what AI help costs a learner

Anthropic

Tesla commits $2 billion to Elon Musk's xAI

Tesla · xAI

A social network opens that humans may read but not post to

Moltbook · OpenClaw

Moonshot ships Kimi K2.5 with a swarm mode

Moonshot AI

A trademark complaint renames Clawdbot overnight

Anthropic · OpenClaw

NVIDIA puts another $2 billion into CoreWeave

NVIDIA · CoreWeave

Microsoft unveils its second-generation Maia AI chip

Microsoft

Anthropic publishes Claude's constitution

Anthropic

Fabricated citations turn up in NeurIPS papers

GPTZero

xAI says Colossus 2 becomes the first gigawatt AI training cluster

xAI

ClickHouse buys Langfuse

ClickHouse · Langfuse

Thinking Machines Lab loses two co-founders back to OpenAI

Thinking Machines Lab · OpenAI

OpenAI signs a multi-year inference deal with Cerebras

OpenAI · Cerebras

Claude Cowork is made to hand over your files

Anthropic · PromptArmor

Commerce Department opens a licensing path for H200 sales to China

NVIDIA · AMD · United States Department of Commerce

Anthropic puts $1.5 million into the Python Software Foundation

Anthropic · Python Software Foundation

Claude Cowork takes the agent out of the terminal

Anthropic

Apple bases its next foundation models on Gemini

Apple · Google

Zhipu AI lists on the Hong Kong exchange

Zhipu AI

OpenAI opens a health wing inside ChatGPT

OpenAI

An Erdős problem falls to a machine

OpenAI · Harmonic

NVIDIA puts the six-chip Rubin platform into full production

NVIDIA

AWS raises GPU rental prices by 15 percent

Amazon